Which definition of stream processing is correct?

Stream processing is characterized by the ability to process data in real time as it arrives, rather than waiting for a complete set of data before performing any calculations. This approach enables systems to react almost instantly to incoming data, making it highly suitable for use cases such as fraud detection, monitoring applications, and real-time analytics.

The first option accurately defines this concept by stating that data is processed continually as new data records arrive. This continuous flow of handling data allows for immediate analysis and responses based on the incoming information, which is the core of stream processing. In contrast, batch processing, as indicated in the second option, involves aggregating data and processing it all at once, which does not align with the principles of stream processing.

Additionally, redirecting incomplete or erroneous data for correction, as mentioned in the third option, refers more to data quality processes than to stream processing itself. The fourth option touches on a specific technique within the realm of real-time processing—complex event processing—but does not encompass the broader definition of stream processing, which is primarily about the continuous nature of data handling. Thus, the definition provided in the first option captures the essence of stream processing accurately.